UGC NET PAPER 1 · UNIT 02 · REVISION
Research Aptitude Rapid-Recall Sheet
Each line is a typical direct-recall item. Use it in the last days of revision, after you have read the topics and the exam traps.
- 28 high-yield facts
- One page
- Type to filter
High-yield facts
| Item | Key fact |
|---|---|
| Coined “positivism” | Auguste Comte; three stages: theological, metaphysical, positive |
| Falsification | Karl Popper |
| Paradigm shift | Thomas Kuhn (1962) |
| Epistemological anarchism | Paul Feyerabend |
| Action research | Kurt Lewin; popularised in education by Stephen Corey |
| Grounded theory | Glaser and Strauss, 1967 |
| Likert, Thurstone, Guttman | 1932, 1929, 1944 |
| Semantic differential | Osgood, 1957 |
| Sociometry | J. L. Moreno |
| Solomon four-group design | Solomon, 1949 |
| Threats to internal validity | History, Maturation, Testing, Instrumentation, Regression, Selection, Mortality |
| Scales of measurement | Nominal, Ordinal, Interval, Ratio (Stevens, 1946) |
| Type I / Type II error | False positive (alpha) / false negative (beta) |
| Spearman–Brown formula | Corrects split-half reliability |
| Shodhganga / Shodhgangotri | Theses / synopses (INFLIBNET, UGC) |
| Impact factor / CiteScore | Two-year (Clarivate) / four-year (Scopus) |
| h-index | Hirsch, 2005 |
| APA 7th edition | 2019; author–date; “References” |
| MLA 9th edition | 2021; author–page; “Works Cited” |
| Ibid. / Op. cit. / Loc. cit. | Immediately preceding / earlier cited work / same passage |
| ISSN / ISBN / DOI / ORCID | Journal (8 digits) / book (13 digits) / article link / researcher ID (16 digits) |
| FAIR | Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable |
| Nuremberg, Helsinki, Belmont | 1947, 1964, 1979 |
| 3Rs | Replacement, Reduction, Refinement |
| FFP | Fabrication, Falsification, Plagiarism |
| UGC 2018 plagiarism levels | 0: up to 10%; 1: 10–40%; 2: 40–60%; 3: above 60% |
| ICMJE authorship | Four criteria, all required |
| ICMR national ethical guidelines | 2017 |
End of notes. Verify any rule or scheme that changes over time (UGC regulations, ONOS, DPDP rules, journal lists) against the latest official notification before your exam.
Where each fact is explained
Open the topic for the concept behind any line you cannot recall.
- 1A Meaning and Characteristics of Research
- 1B Types of Research
- 1C Positivism and Post-positivism
- 2A Experimental Method
- 2B Descriptive Method
- 2C Historical Method
- 2D Qualitative Method
- 2E Quantitative Method
- 3A Identifying and Selecting a Research Problem
- 3B Review of Literature
- 3C Formulating Hypotheses
- 3D Research Design
- 3E Sampling
- 3F Data Collection
- 3G Data Analysis and Interpretation
- 3H Report Writing
- 4A Format and Structure of a Thesis
- 4B Format and Structure of a Research Article
- 4C Styles of Referencing and Citation
- 4D Research Paper, Article, Workshop, Seminar, Conference and Symposium
- 5A Digital Tools for Literature Search
- 5B Digital Tools for Data Collection
- 5C Digital Tools for Data Analysis
- 5D Online Databases and Repositories
- 5E Reference Managers
- 5F Plagiarism-checking Tools
- 6A Ethical Principles in Research
- 6B Plagiarism and Academic Integrity
- 6C Informed Consent, Confidentiality and Honesty in Reporting Data
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