How the Exam Tests This Unit

Exam pattern (verify against the latest NTA notification): UGC NET Law Paper 2 has 100 objective questions of 2 marks each (200 marks). The syllabus has 10 units, so each unit carries roughly 10 questions. Commercial Law (Unit VI) is a high-scoring, factual unit, and a well-prepared candidate can expect 8–12 questions from it.

• Statement-based: Statements I and II, choose the correct option. This is the most common format.

• Match the following: sections with topics (for example s.73 – compensation, s.74 – liquidated damages), or cases with principles.

• Assertion–Reason: common for doctrines such as frustration, privity, and the Turquand rule.

• Sequence/chronology: order of company incorporation steps, or the order of discharge of a surety.

• Numeric/fact recall: time limits, thresholds, and minimum numbers (for example the minimum members of a public company, or the CSR thresholds).

• Which-is-NOT-correct: negative questions that test exceptions.

1. Questions increasingly test section numbers and statutory definitions, not only case law.

2. Amendments are favourites: Companies (Amendment) Acts 2015, 2017, 2019, 2020; the Jan Vishwas (Amendment of Provisions) Act 2023; the LLP (Amendment) Act 2021 and LLP Rules; NI Act amendments of 2015 and 2018; the Specific Relief (Amendment) Act 2018.

3. E-contract questions combine the IT Act 2000 with the Contract Act and the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023 (the replacement of the Evidence Act).

4. CSR questions test the exact rules: Section 135, Schedule VII, and the CSR Rules 2014 as amended in 2021.

5. Landmark Supreme Court cases are repeated across years, so learn the principle attached to each case.

Study tip: For every topic, memorise (a) definition section, (b) key sections and numbers, (c) two to four landmark cases with the one-line principle, and (d) the common exceptions.