UGC NET Law (058) Commercial Law: Detailed Study Notes
Commercial Law is a high-scoring unit built on statutes, section numbers and time limits as much as on cases. The notes follow the syllabus: the Indian Contract Act (formation, breach, quasi-contract, specific contracts), the Sale of Goods Act, Partnership and LLP, the Negotiable Instruments Act, Company Law (incorporation, shares, directors, meetings) and CSR. Topic 0 explains how the unit is tested and Topic 11 collects the priority order, a numbers and time-limits cheat sheet, a landmark-case master list and a revision plan.
- 4modules
- 12topics
- 72sub-topics
- 3memory points
- 2.3 hto read once
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How to use these notes
- Round 1: ReadStart with Topic 0, then go through Topics 1 to 10. Company Law (Topics 8 and 9) usually carries the most questions, so give it the most time; learn definitions, numbers and thresholds.
- Round 2: ReviseSwitch on Revision mode on any topic page to keep each section's key terms, lists and tables. Use the Exam Pointers at the end of Topic 5 and the priority order in Topic 11.
- Last week: RecallUse the rapid-recall sheet (numbers, time limits and the case master list), then the recent amendments in Topic 11 and practice MCQs.
Full syllabus map
Every topic and sub-topic in this chapter, in study order.
Module 1Start Here and the Law of Contract
How the unit is tested, then formation, breach, frustration, void and voidable agreements, standard forms and quasi-contract.
1Essential Elements of Contract and E-Contract
Sub-topics
- 1.1 Background of the Indian Contract Act, 1872
- 1.2 Key Definitions under Section 2
- 1.3 Section 10: Essentials of a Valid Contract
- 1.4 Offer (Proposal)
- 1.5 Acceptance (s.7, s.8)
- 1.6 Intention to Create Legal Relations
- 1.7 Capacity to Contract (ss.11, 12)
- 1.8 Free Consent (ss.13–22)
- 1.9 Lawful Consideration and Object
- 1.10 Contingent Contracts (ss.31–36)
- 1.11 Formalities
- 1.12 E-Contracts
2Breach, Frustration, Void and Voidable Agreements
Sub-topics
3Standard Form of Contract and Quasi-Contract
Sub-topics
Module 2Specific Contracts and Sale of Goods
Bailment, pledge, indemnity, guarantee and agency, then the Sale of Goods Act 1930.
4Specific Contracts: Bailment, Pledge, Indemnity, Guarantee and Agency
Sub-topics
5Sale of Goods Act, 1930
Sub-topics
- 5.1 Key Definitions (s.2)
- 5.2 Contract of Sale (ss.4–10)
- 5.3 Conditions and Warranties (ss.12–17)
- 5.4 Transfer of Property and Risk (ss.18–26)
- 5.5 Transfer of Title: Sale by Non-Owners (ss.27–30)
- 5.6 Performance of the Contract (ss.31–44)
- 5.7 Rights of the Unpaid Seller (ss.45–54)
- 5.8 Remedies of the Buyer (ss.57–61)
- 5.9 Auction Sales (s.64)
Module 3Partnership, LLP and Negotiable Instruments
The Partnership Act 1932, the LLP Act 2008 and the Negotiable Instruments Act 1881 including cheque dishonour.
6Partnership and Limited Liability Partnership
Sub-topics
7Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881
Sub-topics
Module 4Company Law, CSR and Final Revision
Incorporation, prospectus, shares and debentures, directors and meetings, CSR, and the exam strategy and master tables.
Keep going
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